X-rays, also known as X-rays, are a type of electromagnetic
or electromagnetic radiation. X-rays are known for their ability to penetrate human skin and reach bone. They are divided into two main sections: soft X-rays, which have short wavelengths of up to 10 nanometers, and thus are arranged on the electromagnetic spectrum between ultraviolet rays and gamma rays. Hard X-rays, on the other hand, have a wavelength of up to 100 picometers, and thus are placed alongside gamma rays on the electromagnetic spectrum. They differ from them in that they arise from the acceleration of electrons, while gamma rays are produced by atomic forces and occur in one of four nuclear reactions.
Electromagnetic spectrum
The electromagnetic spectrum is a term that expresses seven groups of electromagnetic rays that differ from each other in wavelengths and frequencies, such that each type of electromagnetic radiation has a region that begins with one frequency and ends with another frequency on the electromagnetic spectrum, and they are as follows : – radio waves Radio waves are at the beginning of the electromagnetic spectrum, reaching only 30 gigahertz, with a wavelength of up to 10 mm, and are widely used in the field of communications.
Radio waves Radio
waves are at the beginning of the electromagnetic spectrum, reaching only 30 gigahertz, with a wavelength of up to 10 mm, and are widely used in the field of communications. microwaves Microwaves rank second only to radio waves, with frequencies ranging from 30 gigahertz to 30 terahertz, with wavelengths ranging from 10 mm to 100 micrometers. They are also used in some types of ovens and radars. [3]
Infrared rays
All rays with frequencies between 30-400 terahertz are called infrared rays, which have a wavelength between 100 micrometers and 740 nanometers. These rays cannot be seen with the naked eye, but humans can feel the heat they carry with them. visible light Visible light has frequencies that fall in the middle of the electromagnetic spectrum, and it is called visible because humans have the ability to see it easily. It has frequencies that fall between 400-800 terahertz and a wavelength of 740-380 nanometers.
Ultraviolet rays
This category of electromagnetic radiation falls between visible light and X-rays, with a frequency of (8 × 10^14) to (3 × 10^16) Hz and a wavelength of 380 to 10 nanometers. It is widely used in medical applications, despite its potential to affect living tissue. X-rays Part of it is located in the second to last position on the electromagnetic spectrum and another part is in the last position with gamma rays, and it has a wavelength from (3 x 10^16) to about 1018 Hz, and a wavelength from 10 nanometers to 100 picometers, while the other part has the same frequency as gamma rays. gamma rays These rays are widely used medically, as they have the ability to affect living cells and kill cancer cells , but excessive exposure to them causes very dangerous effects on the human body, as their frequencies exceed 1018 Hz and their wavelengths are less than 100 picometers.
